Chocolate+Candy

Dear Chocolate Candies's, This is //the group page....please// insert //your groups// information in //the// contributor area for Chocolate Candy'//s group pages. Go to Egypt link// for drafting setting //group// roles, choosing topics, //to update, construct// //or edit, your// Chocolate Candies //page. Please work together in order to create learning. Thank you for your participation // Welcome 2 the page of The Chocolate and Candies!





Our rules:

1.You cannot type bad words here

2.No wrong spelling

3.No wrong grammar

4.No wrong punctuation

5.No wrong information

6.Must write: Teacher Shanker as "Chocolate"

7.Must write: Teacher Candy as "Candies"

8.May write Ancient Egypt as "AE"

9.No other groups can type here

10.Do not type with out Samantha's permission


 * Ancient Egypt ** <span style="font-family: 文鼎火柴體;"> was an ancient civilization of Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh. The history of ancient Egypt occurred in a series of stable //Kingdoms//, separated by periods of relative instability known as //Intermediate Periods//: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age. Egypt reached the pinnacle of its power during the New Kingdom, in the Ramesside period, after which it entered a period of slow decline. Egypt was conquered by a succession of foreign powers in this Late Period. In the aftermath of __Alexander the Great__'s death, one of his generals, __<span style="font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Ptolemy Soter __<span style="font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">, established himself as the new ruler of Egypt. This Ptolemaic Dynasty ruled Egypt until 30 BC, when it fell to the Roman Empire and became a Roman province.

**<span style="font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Daily Life: **

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The success of ancient Egyptian civilization came partly from its ability to adapt to the conditions of the Nile River Valley. The predictable flooding and controlled irrigation of the fertile valley produced surplus crops, which fueled social development and culture. With resources to spare, the administration sponsored mineral exploitation of the valley and surrounding desert regions, the early development of an independent writing system, the organization of collective construction and agricultural projects, trade with surrounding regions, and a military intended to defeat foreign enemies and assert Egyptian dominance. Motivating and organizing these activities was a bureaucracy of elite scribes, religious leaders, and administrators under the control of a Pharaoh who ensured the cooperation and unity of the Egyptian people in the context of an elaborate system of religious beliefs.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The many achievements of the ancient Egyptians include the quarrying, surveying and construction techniques that facilitated the building of monumental pyramids, temples , and obelisks ; a system of mathematics , a practical and effective system of medicine , irrigation systems and agricultural production techniques, the first known ships, Egyptian faience and glass technology, new forms of literature, and the earliest known peace treaty. Egypt left a lasting legacy. Its art and architecture were widely copied, and its antiquities carried off to far corners of the world. Its monumental ruins have inspired the imaginations of travelers and writers for centuries. A new-found respect for antiquities and excavations in the early modern period led to the scientific investigation of Egyptian civilization and a greater appreciation of its cultural legacy.


 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Hieroglyphics: **

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The ancient Egyptians were fascinating people, and thanks to the movies, are often misunderstood. The Ancient Egyptians were not in love with death, but with life!They enjoyed their life to the fullest. They worked very hard, but saved time to enjoy family, friends, music, parties, swimming, fishing, hunting, sailing, and especially their children, all of which were very important to the ancient Egyptians.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Over 5000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians wrote things down using a picture writing called hieroglyphics. The people who did the actual writing were called scribes.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The scribes had a problem. The ancient Egyptians wrote everything down, absolutely everything! Although hieroglyphics were very pretty, it took time to write in pictures.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Scribes needed a faster way to write things down. They created a new form of writing called Demotic script. The new scribes did not study the old language of hieroglyphics. They could write much more rapidly with some of the new scripts they created.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Hundreds of years later, archaeologists discovered beautiful hieroglyphic writing on the walls of ancient Egyptian pyramids and tombs. The archaeologists had a problem. They knew hieroglyphics had meanings. Although lots of archaeologists could read Demotic script, there was no one left in the world who remembered what the ancient hieroglyphics meant.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Food:

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The Egyptians ate many different things. They also ate well. Even the poorest people ate a healthy diet of fruits and vegetables. The rich ate meat of many kinds, mostly cows and sheep. Some priests related pigs with Set, an evil god, and made it so most people did not want to eat pigs. Egyptians ate calves, oxen, and poultry like duck, goose, stork, and pigeon. Meat was expensive because there were very few grazing pastures for the cows and sheep and other animals to eat. Some people salted down fish and duck to try to preserve it. When you salt down meat, the salt sucks up all of the moisture and the meat.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Because Egypt was very dry, and relied mostly on the Nile River to water the crops, people in Egypt could only grow certain kinds of food. Mainly farmers grew wheat and barley.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The Egyptians made the wheat into bread and into soup and porridge, and they also fermented barley to make beer. In fact, some people think the real reason that the Egyptians first began growing grain was to make beer. This is an Egyptian model of beer jars, which the Egyptians made to put in your grave when you died so you would have beer in the next world.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The Egyptians also ate meat. You could go to a butcher shop and buy lamb there, just as people do today. Only because it rarely rains in Egypt, they could have the meat outside in the courtyard of the store instead of inside. Here is a model of a butcher shop, also from somebody's grave. Can you see the different cuts of meat all laid out? At the very bottom there is a whole leg of mutton.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">But, like other people from the Eastern Mediterranean like the Jews and the Phoenicians, the Egyptians would not eat pigs (bacon or ham or pork or salami) because they thought pigs carried leprosy. They ate beef and mutton and duck and goose.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">For dessert, the Egyptians liked to eat dates and figs. This is a picture of some real Egyptian dates which were put into somebody's grave for them to eat in the next world, and which were preserved in the dry climate for three thousand years until archaeologists dug them up again.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Mummies and Afterlife:

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">When a pharaoh died on ancient Egypt, the priority was to make sure they got to the afterlife successfully.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">For this to be accomplished, the pharaoh had to have everything they needed for the afterlife with them. All of these things were put in the tomb. Tombs usually had around 15 rooms. One of these rooms was used to store the mummy. The rest of the rooms were used to keep all the things the pharaoh would need for the afterlife. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">The ancient Egypt mummies have fascinated the modern world since **<span style="font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Howard Carter ** uncovered the tomb of King Tut. When one takes the time to investigate the culture, beliefs and mythology of the ancient Egyptian world, it becomes quite apparent that the subject of death played a tremendous role in the everyday lives of Egyptian citizens. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">Cartouche:

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 文鼎火柴體;">In ancient Egypt, kings, and sometimes others, encircled their name hieroglyphs with a design that we now call a cartouche. While we may find it rarely used to enclose the name of non-kings, for the most part, the cartouche's presence identifies the name it encloses as the king of Egypt. A cartouche is an oval ring that is a hieroglyph representation of a length of rope folded and tied at one end. It symbolized everything that the sun encircled and is thus an indication of the king's rule of the cosmos. Later, in the demotic script, the cartouche was reduced to a pair of parentheses and a vertical line.